![]() ![]() At the same time, their elastic modulus value could be between 1.0 and 1.8 terapascal 14. In addition, their tensile strength can be up to 63 gigapascals (GPa), which is around 50 times greater than that of steel 13. The electrical current density through CNTs can reach up to 1,000 times greater than that through copper wires 12. Recently, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) gained a special interest in this respect because of their unique electrical and mechanical properties. The interest in applying nanotechnology in regenerative medicine is rising, as it provides solutions to generate scaffolds with nanostructures that are more capable to mimic natural tissues 11. ![]() ![]() The constituents and the design of the tissue’s scaffold should mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) of the original tissue 7, which constitutes generally proteoglycans, adhesion proteins, and networks of collagen and elastin fibers 8, 9, 10. Tissue engineering is the main approach in regenerative medicine that is based mainly on designing a three-dimensional (3D) biocompatible scaffold that supports the growth of the cells 6. It is envisioned that none curable diseases, like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, spine injuries, and heart failure could be treated in the future with such an approach 3, 4, 5. Regenerative medicine is a relatively new multidisciplinary field of medical science that aims to regenerate cells, tissues and organs to restore, preserve or reinforce their functions 1, 2. Taken together, the developed constructs show great potential for further in vivo studies as engineered tissue. All ECTs containing f-CNTs show a significant reduction in tissue fibrosis and matrix porosity relative to the control tissues. These tissues show a significant enhancement in electrical conductivity at a concentration of 0.025%, however, the cell viability is reduced by about 10 to 20%. 3T3 cells-based engineered connective tissues (ECTs) are generated with different concentrations of the functionalized CNTs ( f-CNTs). The functionalization of the CNTs is successfully confirmed by TEM, absorption spectroscopy, TGA, and zeta potential analysis. Therefore, we aim to functionalize CNTs non-covalently with pyrene moiety using an appropriate hydrophilic linker derivatized from polyethylene glycol (PEG) terminated with hydroxyl or carboxyl group to disperse them in water. However, CNTs suffer from low water dispersibility, which hampered their utilization. It depends on the development of scaffolds that allow tissue formation with certain characteristics, carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-collagen composite attracted the attention of the researchers with this respect. Tissue engineering is one of the hot topics in recent research that needs special requirements. ![]()
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